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Bacilli are primarily known to cause which disease?

  1. Flu

  2. Measles

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Varicella

The correct answer is: Tuberculosis

Bacilli are a type of bacteria that have a rod-like shape and are known to be responsible for various diseases. Among the diseases listed, tuberculosis is predominantly caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is classified as a bacillus. This pathogen primarily affects the lungs, although it can impact other parts of the body as well, leading to a serious infectious disease characterized by chronic cough, weight loss, and fever. The other diseases mentioned in the choices are caused by different types of pathogens; for example, influenza, commonly known as the flu, is caused by the influenza virus, and measles is caused by the measles virus. Varicella, which causes chickenpox, is another viral infection. None of these conditions are associated with bacilli as their etiological agent, making tuberculosis the only disease among the options that bacilli are primarily known to cause.